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In obstetrics, antepartum haemorrhage (APH), also prepartum hemorrhage, is genital bleeding during pregnancy from the 〔(patient.info » PatientPlus » Antepartum Haemorrhage ) 〕 24th week (sometimes defined as from the 20th week〔〔(The Royal Women’s Hospital > antepartum haemorrhage ) Retrieved on Jan 13, 2009〕) gestational age to term. It can be associated with reduced fetal birth weight. In regards to treatment, it should be considered a medical emergency (regardless of whether there is pain) and medical attention should be sought immediately, as if it is left untreated it can lead to death of the mother and/or fetus. ==Causes of APH== * Obstetric * * Placenta * * * Maternal blood * * * * Bloody show (benign) - most common cause of APH * * * * Placental abruption - most common pathological cause * * * * Placenta previa - second most common pathological cause * * * Fetal blood (can be distinguished with Apt test) * * * * Vasa previa - often difficult to diagnose, frequently leads to fetal demise * *Ruptured Uterus * * * Uterine rupture * Nonobstetric * * Bleeding from the lower genital tract * * * Cervical bleeding - cervicitis, cervical neoplasm, cervical polyp * * * Bleeding from the vagina itself - trauma, neoplasm * * Bleeding that may be confused with vaginal bleeding * * * GI bleed - haemorrhoids, inflammatory bowel disease * * * Urinary tract bleed - urinary tract infection 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「antepartum haemorrhage」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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